Iva Toguri D’Aquino
1976 CBS NEWS SPECIAL REPORT: Iva Toguri D’Aquino (A.K.A) Tokyo Rose
Iva Ikuko Toguri D’Aquino (July 4, 1916 – September 26, 2006) was an American who participated in English-language propaganda broadcast transmitted by Radio Tokyo to Allied soldiers in the South Pacific during World War II. Although on The Zero Hour radio show, Toguri called herself “Orphan Ann,” she quickly became identified with the moniker “Tokyo Rose”, a name that was coined by Allied soldiers and that predated her broadcasts.[not verified in body] After the Japanese defeat, Toguri was detained for a year by the United States military before being released for lack of evidence. Department of Justice officials agreed that her broadcasts were “innocuous.” But when Toguri tried to return to the US, a popular uproar ensued, prompting the Federal Bureau of Investigation to renew its investigation of Toguri’s wartime activities. She was subsequently charged by the United States Attorney’s Office with eight counts of treason. Her 1949 trial resulted in a conviction on one count, making her the seventh American to be convicted on that charge, for which she spent more than six years out of a ten-year sentence in prison. Belatedly, however, after investigative journalists found that key witnesses claimed they were forced to lie during testimony, Toguri was pardoned by U.S. President Gerald Ford in 1977.
The next time you feel you just can’t get a break in life, consider Iva Toguri D’Aquino, better known as “Tokyo Rose”…
Sixty-five years ago today on October 6, 1949, Iva Toguri D’Aquino became the seventh person in the history of the United States to be charged with treason. At the time her 13-week trial was the most expensive and longest trial ever recorded, totaling around $750,000 (by today’s standards, over $5 million).
Despite being charged on eight counts of treason, D’Aquino ended up being convicted of one, the crime being that the radio broadcaster spoke “into a microphone concerning the loss of ships.” With anti-Japanese sentiments still raw post-Pearl Harbor, U.S. authorities were hungry for retribution, and they found Japanese-American D’Aquino an easy target, accusing her of spreading anti-American propaganda on a Japanese radio station.
But before she was legally marred in a San Francisco courthouse in 1949 — slapped with a $10,000 fine, a 10-year prison sentence, and stripped of her U.S. citizenship — D’Aquino had already suffered a great many hardships…all because she had a Japanese face and was in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Ironically, D’Aquino was as American as one could be. Born on Independence Day in 1916 in Los Angeles, she was raised in a middle-class household that spoke strictly English. Her father and mother embraced assimilation and offered their daughter a normal life; D’Aquino enjoyed going to church, was a popular student at school, loved swing music, and took tennis and piano lessons. In 1941, she graduated from UCLA with a degree in zoology.
D’Aquino wasn’t the only “Tokyo Rose” − a term coined by South Pacific Allied troops, which referred to any English-speaking female broadcaster accused of spreading Japanese propaganda − but she was the most punished, among the dozen or so women who were given the label.
Here are five unfortunate life events that would seal her fate as the most notorious “Tokyo Rose.”
1) Visiting her extended family in Japan to attend to a sick aunt, D’Aquino was denied re-entry into the U.S. once the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
2) Refusing to renounce her U.S. citizenship, D’Aquino was labeled an enemy of Japan and was unable to receive a food ration card. Angered by her pro-American sentiments, her extended family banished her from their home.
Iva Toguri D’Aquino being interviewed by reporters. (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
3) In need of work, she eventually decided to become a radio broadcaster on a Japanese station show called the “Zero Hour.” With her gravelly voice, she and her fellow expat co-broadcaster decided to mock the pro-Japanese propaganda-filled program. (Thankfully for their sake, the Japanese did not pick up on their nuanced sarcasm. . .but unfortunately, the U.S. didn’t, either.)
4) By 1945 WWII was over, but the post-war battered economy compelled D’Aquino, who was still stranded in Japan, to take a chance and claim herself as the one and only “Tokyo Rose” — this, after a Cosmopolitan writer offered her $2,000 to share her story. Little did she know, she was tricked, and her story was interpreted as a confession. She was arrested, and U.S. authorities threw her into a Tokyo jail before she stood trial in America.
5) So what were the damning words that had a U.S. jury convict her of treason? She allegedly said in a 1944 broadcast on the “Zero Hour”: “Orphans of the Pacific, you are really orphans now. How will you get home now that your ships are sunk?”
D’Aquino was released from prison after serving six years out of her 10-year sentence. Almost 40 years old, she had to find the strength to move on from her misfortunes, which included: losing about a decade of her life living on foreign soil; not being able to see her mother before she passed; losing her baby soon after giving birth, and eventually (albeit reluctantly) divorcing her Portuguese husband who was forced to never step foot on American soil.
